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Unit 2: Sustainable Development

fossil plants and animals

Why Scientists Believe in Evolution

STEM Explained

Scientists have accumulated so much evidence in the theory of evolution that it is one of the most widely-accepted theories in science.

Arctic pack ice

Why Don't Fish Freeze in Cold Arctic Waters?

STEM Explained

Ever wonder how fish survive in the cold waters of the Arctic and Antarctic? It’s partly because of a brilliant evolutionary adaptation.

Why is rain not salty?

Why is rain not salty?

Hands-on Activities

Make a model of the water cycle and find out how water moves around on planet Earth.

Biofuel concept

What are the Pros and Cons of Ethanol Biofuel?

STEM Explained

Biofuels like ethanol might help fight climate change. But they can contribute to food insecurity and greenhouse gases in ways that might surprise you.

Solar panel project in Dakar, Senegal

What are Carbon Offsets?

STEM Explained

Can carbon offsets help you reduce your environmental footprint, practice sustainable living and fight climate change?

Hamilton, Ontario industrial area with Toronto skyline in the background

What are Greenhouse Gases?

Backgrounders

This backgrounder explains what greenhouse gases are and how they contribute to climate change.

Water

The Water Cycle

Picture Collections

1 diagram illustrating the water cycle

Cartoon mammoth

Should Scientists Clone Extinct Species?

STEM Explained

Cloning makes it possible to bring extinct species back to life. But is that a good idea?

Crispy fried crickets © phuketisland, iStockphoto

Should We Eat Bugs?

STEM Explained

What's tasty, abundant and high in protein and vitamins? Bugs! Bugs feed about 2 billion people each day. They also hold promise for food security and sustainability.

Magnified image of a ringwoodite crystal

Ringwoodite and the Deep Water Cycle

STEM Explained

The water in the oceans has travelled vast distances. It has even time spent deep below the surface of the Earth, trapped inside the mineral ringwoodite.

Great tits eat from a bird feeder

Natural Selection in Your Backyard

STEM Explained

A study on bird feeders and beak sizes shows how an everyday human activity can affect the evolution of another species.

How is food packaged?

How is food packaged?

Hands-on Activities

Take a closer look at food packaging. Explore why and how food is packaged in different ways.

dung beetle rolling dung

How to Find a Mate When You Smell Like Dung

STEM Explained

Some dung beetles use alternative reproductive tactics to increase their chances of finding a mate. Learn what this tells us about evolution and biodiversity.

Condensation on the window of the Apollo 12 Lunar Module, November 1969

Humidity on Earth and on the ISS

Backgrounders

Humidity is an important part of life on Earth and life in space. This backgrounder explains what humidity is, how it is measured and how it affects us both mentally and physically.

Salmon aquaculture pens

Farmed Salmon vs. Wild Salmon

STEM Explained

Aquaculture is seen as a sustainable way to produce fish. But are farmed salmon better than wild fish?