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Unit 2: Climatology and Meteorology

Cartoon leaf holding an umbrella over baby plant

What is Acid Rain?

STEM Explained

Acid rain is any precipitation that has an unusually low pH. It can be rain, snow, fog, etc. But what is a low pH and why is this a problem?

dangerous tornado approaching wind turbine

What is a Tornado?

STEM Explained

Tornadoes are a common extreme weather phenomenon in Canada. How are they formed? How can you stay safe? And what is a storm chaser?

Thundersnow near a cabin on a hillside

Thundersnow: winter thunderstorms

STEM Explained

When thunder and lightning occur but the main form of precipitation is snow, not rain, it’s called thundersnow.

ChaoticMind75 - iStock

Why is it colder in the winter even though the Earth is closer to the Sun?

Hands-on Activities

Learn why we have seasons in this hands on activity.

Why is rain not salty?

Why is rain not salty?

Hands-on Activities

Make a model of the water cycle and find out how water moves around on planet Earth.

Weather Map

Why is the weather so hard to predict?

STEM Explained

Meteorologists use computer models to predict the weather. Learn why, despite advances in computer science, meteorologists still get it wrong sometimes.

A melting world-shaped glacier

What is Ocean Warming and Why Does It Matter?

STEM Explained

Oceans absorb the greatest amount of solar radiation on Earth. Ocean warming can lead to glaciers melting and ocean acidification.

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

Hands-on Activities

Explore the greenhouse effect and learn about the impacts it can have on the environment.

Hamilton, Ontario industrial area with Toronto skyline in the background

What are Greenhouse Gases?

Backgrounders

This backgrounder explains what greenhouse gases are and how they contribute to climate change.

What are the effects of acid rain on rocks?

What are the effects of acid rain on rocks?

Hands-on Activities

Learn about the chemical reaction that happens between acid rain and limestone.

Biofuel concept

What are the Pros and Cons of Ethanol Biofuel?

STEM Explained

Biofuels like ethanol might help fight climate change. But they can contribute to food insecurity and greenhouse gases in ways that might surprise you.

Screen captures from embedded Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell videos

What are the Pros and Cons of Nuclear Energy?

STEM Explained

These two “point-counterpoint” videos provide arguments for and against using nuclear energy to generate electricity.

Battery of Stiger Vortex rainmaking guns at Charleville, Australia, in 1902

What is Cloud Seeding?

STEM Explained

Cloud seeding is a type of weather modification. Learn about cloud seeding, as well as its risks and benefits.

Cumulus Clouds

Weather: Cumulus Clouds

Picture Collections

5 images of cumulus clouds that are white, puffy clouds with a flat base at mid level and are often associated with fair weather

Fluffy snow on deciduous tree

Weather: Snow

Picture Collections

10 images of some snowflake crystals and some winter scenes with snow