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Unit A: Energy and Matter in Chemical Change

Hamilton Street Railway bus in downtown Hamilton, Ontario © Adam E. Moreira [CC BY-SA 3.0], Wikimedia Commons

Fueling Internal Combustion Engines

Backgrounders

Learn about the wide variety of fuels used in vehicles.

Cartoon of people cleaning teeth

How can chemistry help you take care of your teeth?

STEM Explained

What are your teeth made up of? What chemistry is at work in your mouth? Why do some people get cavities even if they brush regularly?

A melting world-shaped glacier

What is Ocean Warming and Why Does It Matter?

STEM Explained

Oceans absorb the greatest amount of solar radiation on Earth. Ocean warming can lead to glaciers melting and ocean acidification.

What are the effects of acid rain on rocks?

What are the effects of acid rain on rocks?

Hands-on Activities

Learn about the chemical reaction that happens between acid rain and limestone.

What happens when acids and bases mix?

What happens when acids and bases mix?

Hands-on Activities

Learn about acid-base reactions. Make you own pH indicator and test it with different solutions.

What are curds and whey?

What are curds and whey?

Hands-on Activities

It starts with curds and whey! Explore the basic chemistry behind making cheese in this hands on activity.

Hamilton, Ontario industrial area with Toronto skyline in the background

What are Greenhouse Gases?

Backgrounders

This backgrounder explains what greenhouse gases are and how they contribute to climate change.

A set of lipstick in various colours

The Chemistry of Lipstick

STEM Explained

Learn about the organic compounds that make up lipstick as well as about some of the chemistry that goes into this popular cosmetic.

An image showing the symbol, atomic number and relative atomic mass of sodium. Sodium’s symbol is Na, its atomic number is 11 and its relative atomic mass is approximately 22.99.  Image © istockphoto.com/3dalia

Na Na Na Na (Hey Hey Hey) Sodium!

STEM Explained

Sodium is a useful chemical element. You consume it as table salt regularly. Learn about salt mining, sodium uses, and what problems too much sodium can cause.

Is there a difference between baking powder and baking soda?

Is there a difference between baking powder and baking soda?

Hands-on Activities

Explore acid-base chemical reactions that really get things bubbling in the kitchen!

illustration of a hydrogen car

The History and Uses of Hydrogen

STEM Explained

Hydrogen’s tendency towards combustion is what makes it both a dangerous chemical element and a useful energy source.

How can I stop bananas from turning brown?

How can I stop bananas from turning brown?

Hands-on Activities

Explore the chemistry behind why bananas turn brown. Can chemistry also help prevent this?

How can I write secret messages?

How can I write secret messages?

Hands-on Activities

Learn how you can write and reveal secret messages in this hands-on chemistry activity.

How can you make popcorn kernels dance?

How can you make popcorn kernels dance?

Hands-on Activities

Get your popcorn kernels dancing with this uplifting chemical reaction.

How do I construct a terrarium?

How do I construct a terrarium?

Hands-on Activities

You can make your own terrarium for growing plants!