Observing

Students observing (Rawpixel, iStockphoto)

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The skill of observing involves using all of the senses, as appropriate, to find out about the characteristics, properties and attributes of objects, places and events.

Definition

The skill of observing involves using all of the senses, as appropriate, to find out about the characteristics, properties and attributes of objects, places and events. Observations can be made directly with the senses or indirectly through the use of instruments that extend our capacity to observe.

Observing is important because it…

is a fundamental science process skill
enables us to collect evidence which gives us information to make inferences
is the key to understanding objects and phenomena as well as interactions between objects or phenomena
helps develop/is interconnected with skills such as describing, identifying patterns, comparing and contrasting, and using appropriate vocabulary

Developing the Skill of Observing

Students	Educators
Use their senses, as appropriate, for making observations of objects, places and events in their surroundings	Provide intentional opportunities for students to actively use all of their senses (e.g., sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste, etc.) in multiple different contexts. Model how to safely use the senses to make observations (e.g., do not taste anything unless a trusted adult says it is okay; be aware of students’ food or other allergies).
Use tools and instruments to extend their capacity to observe both qualitatively and quantitatively	Provide students with opportunities to practice using age-appropriate tools that extend their ability to observe (e.g., the proper use of magnifying lenses, microscopes, thermometers, rulers, measuring tapes, simple balance scales).
Observe in order to notice details (e.g., characteristics and properties of objects and events such as colour, shape, size, pattern, texture, temperature, duration)	Encourage students to observe closely and pay attention to details of objects, places, and events. Discuss and introduce specific measuring tools and instruments that can help students to make detailed observations beyond the capacity of our human five senses.
Understand and distinguish the difference between an observation and an inference	Provide examples and guided practice so that students understand the difference between observations (e.g., the plant has yellow leaves) and inferences (e.g., the plant is not healthy).