Backgrounders

Learn about two taxonomy systems that scientists use to classify the life around us.

This backgrounder explains what noise is, how it is measured, and how it affects our hearing, wellness and more.

This backgrounder explains what light is, how it is measured, and how it affects people on Earth and astronauts on board the International Space Station.

Ethanol is a biofuel that can power a car. Learn about the enzymes, catalysts and processes like fermentation involved in ethanol production.

This backgrounder explains the four main ways that oil is moved over land and water.

Humidity is an important part of life on Earth and life in space. This backgrounder explains what humidity is, how it is measured and how it affects us both mentally and physically.

Humidity is an important part of life on Earth and life in space. This backgrounder explains what humidity is, how it is measured and how it affects us both mentally and physically.

This backgrounder explains the different ways that cells repair damage to DNA.

This backgrounder explains the difference between planets, dwarf planets and small solar system bodies, such as asteroids and comets.

Learn how people came to understand the source of cosmic radiation, as well as how this radiation impacts those who work in and travel on airplanes.

Learn the basics of how DNA can be extracted from cells.

This backgrounder explains the effects of radiation on cells and DNA.

This backgrounder has information about both cosmic & neutron radiation.

This backgrounder helps explain the laws of Orbital Mechanics, including Newton’s Laws.