![What makes soil hard and compacted?](/sites/default/files/2019-08/what-makes-soil-hard-and-compacted.jpg)
What makes soil hard and compacted?
Hands-on Activities
Explore how walking on soil changes how water soaks into the ground and why that matters to gardeners and farmers.
![Solar panel project in Dakar, Senegal](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-11/Solar_project_Dakar%2CSenegal.jpg?itok=q64WAuqV)
What are Carbon Offsets?
STEM Explained
Can carbon offsets help you reduce your environmental footprint, practice sustainable living and fight climate change?
![Hamilton, Ontario industrial area with Toronto skyline in the background](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-09/the-hamilton-industrial-area-with-toronto-skyline.jpg?itok=shKtb5Tb)
What are Greenhouse Gases?
Backgrounders
This backgrounder explains what greenhouse gases are and how they contribute to climate change.
![Biofuel concept](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-09/biofuel-concept.jpg?itok=mGz1FUEJ)
What are the Pros and Cons of Ethanol Biofuel?
STEM Explained
Biofuels like ethanol might help fight climate change. But they can contribute to food insecurity and greenhouse gases in ways that might surprise you.
![Aerial of Gas well Marcellus Shale Formation in northern West Virginia](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2020-01/Aerial-of_gas_well.jpg?itok=tjnKvzRe)
What is Fracking?
STEM Explained
The fracking process gets natural gases out of rocks. This process can have effects on freshwater, water quality and even earthquakes!
![Weather Vane](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-12/weather_vane.jpg?itok=JUERBD4o)
Tools: Weather Instruments
Picture Collections
15 images of various instruments such as rain gauges, wind vanes and weather satellites used to inform us about the weather
![Nitrogen symbol from periodic table](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2021-03/the-periodic-table-element-nitrogen.jpg?itok=bs_Xbeg4)
Understanding the Nitrogen Cycle
STEM Explained
What is the nitrogen cycle? How do human activities such as using fertilizer affect the nitrogen cycle? How can this cause greenhouse gases?
![Cold Cold](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/cold.jpg?itok=g55mktjp)
Weather: Conditions
Picture Collections
11 images that illustrate some daily weather conditions such as cold, hot and windy
![Peyto Lake, Banff National Park](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-09/peyto-lake-banff-national-park.jpg?itok=0_N90Ej4)
The Rock Cycle in Canada
STEM Explained
Products of the rock cycle are visible all across Canada.
![Ship in Arctic waters](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-10/Ship_in_Arctic_waters.jpg?itok=vAnbppZZ)
Reaching the Arctic
STEM Explained
How will arctic ice melt from climate change affect exploration, scientific research and geopolitics?
![Magnified image of a ringwoodite crystal](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-11/Blue_Ringwoodite.jpg?itok=EeNe4hAV)
Ringwoodite and the Deep Water Cycle
STEM Explained
The water in the oceans has travelled vast distances. It has even time spent deep below the surface of the Earth, trapped inside the mineral ringwoodite.
![various marine microorganisms as they appear under a microscope](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-09/marine_microorganisms.jpg?itok=MgdaDkhz)
Marine Microbiology: Meet the Microbes of the Sea!
STEM Explained
The ocean is full of very small but very useful creatures called microbes. Without them, none of the sea plants or animals you’ve seen would exist!
![An image showing the symbol, atomic number and relative atomic mass of sodium. Sodium’s symbol is Na, its atomic number is 11 and its relative atomic mass is approximately 22.99. Image © istockphoto.com/3dalia](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-08/3590-1.jpg?itok=2VBKhM3W)
Na Na Na Na (Hey Hey Hey) Sodium!
STEM Explained
Sodium is a useful chemical element. You consume it as table salt regularly. Learn about salt mining, sodium uses, and what problems too much sodium can cause.
![Students looking bored in class](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-09/Students_looking_bored_in_class.jpg?itok=Wr5c_zOj)
Is There Too Much Carbon Dioxide in Your Classroom?
STEM Explained
Did you know that too much carbon dioxide in the classroom can affect your body, and even your grades?
![Train oil cars](/sites/default/files/styles/resource_card_image_360x300_/public/2019-12/Train_oil_cars.jpg?itok=fzNYzAKW)
How is oil moved from one place to another?
Backgrounders
This backgrounder explains the four main ways that oil is moved over land and water.